PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PRAKTIK MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGGUNAAN JAMU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA TAHAN TUBUH SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Abstract
Terbatasnya pilihan pengobatan dalam mengatasi Covid-19 mendorong masyarakat mencari alternatif pencegahan secara mandiri. Satu diantaranya dengan menggunakan obat tradisional untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh. Jamu merupakan obat tradisional Indonesia yang telah digunakan sejak jaman dulu. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik penggunaan jamu oleh masyarakat untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh selama pandemi. Studi ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan secara consecutive sampling, dengan kriteria inklusi warga negara Indonesia yang berumur lebih dari 18 tahun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara survei daring yang melibatkan 1.524 responden. Uji chi square dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan demografi dengan praktik. Regresi logistik dilakukan untuk menguji variabel independen yang memiliki hubungan dengan variabel dependen secara bersamaan. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel kecuali jenis kelamin dan pengetahuan mempunyai nilai p<0,05 (95% CI). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa usia (p=0,000), tempat tinggal (p=0,000), pekerjaan (p=0,003), pendidikan (p=0,041) dan sikap (p=0,000) memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan praktik penggunaan jamu. Berdasarkan analisis regresi logistik, tempat tinggal (OR:0,58; CI:0,46-0,74), usia (OR:1,68; CI:1,34-2,11) dan sikap (OR=0,30; CI:0,24-0,38) responden berhubungan secara bermakna dengan praktik penggunakan jamu untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh selama pandemi Covid-19. Sementara itu pekerjaan dan pendidikan tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna. Secara umum responden telah memiliki pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik penggunaan jamu yang baik. Namun demikian, edukasi dan promosi yang mempertimbangkan karakteristik demografi masih diperlukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik masyarakat.
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